Ekspor Produk Produk (Komponen) Otomotif ke Korea Selatan

1. Klasifikasi Kendaraan Bermootor (Motor Vehicles).

• Passenger vehicles
• Motor vehicles for passengers and freight
• Freight motor vehicles
• Special motor vehicles
• Two-wheeled motor vehicles

2. Undang-Undang.

2.1 Motor Vehicle (Automotive) Management Act.

Tujuan undang-undang ini adalah untuk  pengelolaan kendaraan bermotor secara efisien dan mengamankan kinerja dan keselamatan kendaraan bermotor dengan mengatur hal-hal yang menyangkut pendaftaran, standar keselamatan, otentikasi diri, koreksi cacat manufaktur, pemeriksaan, pemeliharaan, pengujian kendaraan bermotor, serta pengelolaan usaha kendaraan bermotor.

2.2 National Transport System Efficiency Act.

Tujuan dari undang-undang ini adalah untuk menetapkan hal-hal yang diperlukan untuk koordinasi kebijakan yang komprehensif transportasi darat, transportasi laut, dan transportasi udara serta pengembangan yang efisien, manajemen, administrasi  dari sistem transportasi nasional, termasuk berbagai fasilitas transportasi, sarana transportasi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, penyatuan dan interkoneksi sistem transportasi, dan dengan demikian meningkatkan kenyamanan dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan berkontribusi pada pengembangan ekonomi nasional.

3. Regulasi.

3.1 Sertifikasi Mandiri Uji Kepatuhan (Self Certification Compliance Test).

Pemerintah Korea telah mengadopsi sistem sertifikasi mandiri untuk mengamankan keselamatan kendaraan. Dengan sistem sertifikasi mandiri, pemerintah menyediakan standar keselamatan untuk kendaraan yang diproduksi, untuk memastikan keselamatan kendaraan, dan produsen mengesahkan (sertifikasi) apakah kendaraan yang diproduksi memenuhi kriteria keselamatan secara internal.

3.2 Revisi Peraturan Keselamatan dan Kinerja Korea.

Revisi peraturan keselamatan dan kinerja Kendaraan Bermotor dan Suku Cadangnya (Revision of Korean Safety and Performance Regulations for Motor Vehicles and Parts).

Kementerian Pertanahan, Infrastruktur, dan Transportasi Korea Selatan (MOLIT) mengumumkan revisi Peraturan Keselamatan dan Kinerja Kendaraan Bermotor dan suku cadangnya, melalui Pemberitahuan Publik (Public Notice) MOLIT No. 2020-681 (22 Mei 2020).

3.3 Sertifikasi KC Komponen Otomotif (Automotoive Component KC Certification).

Tanda sertifikasi Korea (KC) adalah standar keamanan produk di Korea Selatan yang berlaku untuk berbagai macam barang dan peralatan, termasuk suku cadang mobil.

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) dan produsen komponen yang ingin menjual komponen dan peralatan kendaraan di dalam negeri harus menunjukkan kepatuhan KC dengan menjalani proses sertifikasi KC. Sertifikasi ini ermasuk verifikasi fasilitas, pendaftaran dengan pemerintah dan pemeriksaan kesesuaian.

Dengan memperoleh tanda KC, memungkinkan bagi OEM dan produsen kendaraan untuk mengakses pasar kendaraan Korea Selatan. Tanpa tanda Sertifikasi Korea, dilarang untuk menjual komponen otomotif, mulai dari roda hingga sabuk pengaman hingga lampu depan pada  salah satu pasar otomotif terkemuka di dunia.

Ruang Lingkup Produk (Product Scope):

• Brake hose, Seat Belt, Head lamp, Rear reflector, Rear safety board, Window, Warning Triangle, Rear reflector, Brake Lining, Wheel, Reflective strips, Rear panels for low speed vehicles

Kategori suku cadang yang saat ini ditandai dengan tanda KC terbatas pada kategori produk berikut:

• Brake hoses (FMVSS 106)
• Safety belt equipment (UNECE Reg. 16)
• Headlights (UNECE Reg. 98, 112, 128)
• Reflector (UNECE Reg. 3)
• rear underride guard (UNECE Reg. 58)
• Brake pads (UNECE Reg. 90)
• Rims (UNECE Reg. 124)
• Safety glass (UNECE Reg 43)
• Rear number plates for heavy and long vehicles (UNECE Reg. 70)
• Reflective paper
• Reflective tapes (UNECE Reg. 70)
• Warning triangles (UNECE Reg. 27)
• Registration plate for heavy and slow vehicles (UNECE Reg. 69)

Proses Sertifikasi KC (KC Certification Process).

Langkah-langkah sertifikasi KC:

• Persiapan dokumen untuk aplikasi.
• Pendaftaran pada Lembaga Sertifikasi (certification authority ) Korea
• Inspeksi pabrik (sarana produksi), hanya untuk Serifikat Kemanan Korea.
• Pengujian produk pada laboratorium terakreditasi.
• Memeriksa semua dokumen dan menerbitkan Sertifikast Tanda KC (KC Mark Certificate)

Perysaratan Dokumen untuk Sertifikasi KC:

Dokumen berikut diperlukan untuk sertifikasi KC

• Formulir aplikasi.
• Izin usaha.
• Informasi kontak importir Korea dan sarana produksi.
• Deskripsi produk dan/atau manual penggunaan dalam bahasa Korea.
• Daftar komponen kritis (List of critical components).
• Sertifikat KC atau CB untuk critical components.
• Circuit diagrams untuk produk elektronik.
• Contoh untuk penandaan (Example for the marking)
• Jika ada, sertifikasi CB dan laporan uji produk menurut standar IEC termasuk untuk peralatan listrik 220V (AC) 60Hz

Pengujian Produk:

Terdapat tiga lembaga sertifikasi utama yang terakreditasi dan diizinkan untuk melakukan pengujian dan audit produk serta menerbitkan sertifikat:

• Korea Testing Laboratory (KTL)
• Korea Testing and Research Institute (KTR)
• Korea Testing and Certification (KTC)

Penandaan (Marking) KC Mark Certification:

Jika produk telah berhasil disertifikasi untuk pasar Korea Selatan, label sertifikasi KC Mark wajib ditampilkan pada produk. Tergantung pada jenis sertifikasi, logo KC biasanya harus ditandai dengan warna biru atau emas dan bersama-sama dengan nomor sertifikat.

KC Marking.

3.4 Peraturan Emisi Mesin dan Kendaraan.

Tergantung pada aplikasinya, Korea mengadopsi standar emisi yang berbasis di Eropa atau Amerika Serikat.

• Emission standards for light-duty gasoline vehicles are based on US/California standards, while light-duty diesel regulations are based on European standards.
• Emission standards for heavy-duty truck and bus engines are based on European regulations.
• Emission standards for mobile nonroad diesel engines are based on US regulations.

Kategori mesin dan kendaraan yang diatur emisinya meliputi:

• Light-duty vehicles,
• Heavy-duty engines,
• Nonroad engines.

3.5 Regulasi Teknis Komponen Kendaraan Bermotor.

Daftar komponen dan regulasi teknis yang diterapkan.

3.6 Regulasi Kendaraan Listrik.

Notifikasi MLTM (Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs) No. 515 (08/31/2012)

• Article 2: Definition “High voltage electric device”, “Traction Battery” etc.
• Article 18-2: High voltage electric device -
• Article 18-3: Traction Battery
• Article 91: Table 11-3. High voltage electric device crash test

4. Standar.

Korea Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (KMVSS): terdiri dari aturan umum, standar keselamatan untuk kendaraan dan sepeda motor, standar keselamatan untuk kendaraan manufaktur dan ketentuan tambahan.

4.1 Contoh standar keamanan kendaraan bermotor Korea Selatan KMVSS.

Article 102: Occupant Protection – Benturan frontal dan Samping.

Kendaran Bermotor:

• Occupant Protection – Uji :
  • Ruang Lingkup: Kendaraan Penumpang tidak lebih dari 3.5 Ton.
  • Persyaratan: Kriteria Cidera – Cidera yang diakibatkan oleh geserandan .
  • Prosedur Pengujian:
• Occupant Protection -
  • Ruang Lingkup: Kendaraan Penumpang tidak lebih dari 3.5 Ton.
  • Persyaratan: Kriteria Cidera – Cidera yang diakibatkan oleh dan .
  • Prosedur Pengujian:

Kendaraan Listrik:

• Occupant Protection – Uji :
  • Ruang Lingkup: Kendaraan Penumpang dan Bis tidak lebih dari 4.5 Ton.
  • Prosedur Pengujian:
• Occupant Protection -
  • Ruang Lingkup: Kendaraan Penumpang dan Bis tidak lebih dari 4.5 Ton.
  • Prosedur Pengujian: berdasarkan KMVSS article

4.2 Standar Lainnya.

Standar lainnya dapat mengacu pada article (pasal) yang ditetapkan pada regulasi teknis keamanan kendaraan KMVSS sebagai berikut.

Standar (Persayaratan) Keamanan:

• Requirement for steering systems KMVSS Art 14 (2016) KMVSS Art 89 (1) (2016) KMVSS Art 89 (2)
• Requirement for steering and assistance systems KMVSS Art 14-2 (2016) KMVSS Art 89-2 (2016)
• Requirement for braking capability KMVSS Art 15 KMVSS Art 90.1
• Requirement for Electronic Stability Control (ESC) KMVSS Art 15-2 (2016) KMVSS Art 90-2 (2016)
• Requirement for braking capability (with ABS) KMVSS Art 15 (6) (2016) KMVSS Art 90.4
• Requirement for pneumatic tyres KMVSS Art 12 (1) (2011) Yes Safety Requirement for blow out test for wheels / tyres KMVSS Art 88-2 (2016)
• Requirement for Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) KMVSS Art 88-3
• Requirement for exterior projections KMVSS Art 19 (2012)Requirement for bumper KMVSS Art 93 (2011 / 2012)
• Requirement for pedestrian protection (leg test specimen FlexPLI alternatively applicable (NT), Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) still possible) KMVSS Art 102-2 (2023)
• Requirement for pedestrian protection (omission of test specimen TRL, only leg test specimen FlexPLI permitted (mandatory for NT and AT) based on GTR 9) KMVSS Art 102-2 (2023) TRL applicable till 2021Test specification for Injury Criteria for Headform (HIC) KMVSS Art 102-2 (2023)
• Requirement for controls KMVSS Art 13 (2001)Requirement for interior fittings – instrumental panel KMVSS Art 88 (2016) No Requirement for interior fittings – backrest KMVSS Art 98 (2016)
• Requirement for interior fittings – armrest KMVSS Art 100 (2016)
• Requirement for interior fittings – sun visor KMVSS Art 101 (2016)Requirements for occupant protection in the event of impact in interior doors KMVSS Art 108
• Requirement for anti-theft protection KMVSS Art 22
• Requirement for glazing materials KMVSS Art 34 (2006), berlaku juga untuk suku cadang
• Requirement for gas pedal control system KMVSS Art 87
• Requirement for strength of door locks and door hangers KMVSS Art 104 (2)
• Elimination of the minimum seat cushion width for new types KMVSS Art 24 KMVSS Art 25 KMVSS Art 25 (2) KMVSS Art 97
• Requirement for head restraints KMVSS Art 26 (2012) KMVSS Art 99 (2012)
• Requirement for seats / seat anchorage KMVSS Art 97 (2016)Requirement for belt warner KMVSS Art 27 (4) (2021 / 2022)Requirement for safety belt anchorages KMVSS Art 103 (2012)
• Requirement for child seat anchorages – ISOFIX KMVSS Art 103-2 (2010) KMVSS Art 27-2 (2010)Requirement for flammability of interior materials KMVSS Art 95 (2015)
• Requirement for frontal impact – Integrity of fuel system KMVSS Art 91 (2022)
• Requirement for occupant protection in the event of a frontal impact KMVSS Art 102 (2016)Requirement for occupant protection and tank integrity in the event of a frontal impact - fixed barrier KMVSS Art 102-3 (2020/2022)
• Requirement for occupant protection and airbag Notice in the event of a frontal impact KMVSS Art 102 (2020)
• Requirement for mounting of windscreen KMVSS Art 105 (2) (2006)
• Requirement for occupant protection in the event of windscreen intrusion KMVSS Art 105 (2) (2016)Requirement for side crash - Fuel system integrity KMVSS Art 91 (4) (2022)
• Requirement for occupant protection in the event of a side impact KMVSS Art 102 (1)
• Requirement for pole side impact, World-SID KMVSS Art 102-(4) (2022)
• Requirement for door impression resistance KMVSS Art 104 (1) (2003)
• Requirement for rear impact – Fuel system integrity KMVSS Art 91 (2016)
• Requirement for driver impact protection against the steering system KMVSS Art 89
• Requirement for rearward displacement of the steering system KMVSS Art 89
• Requirement for voluntary installation of an accident data recorder MVMA 2019 (Motor Vehicle Management Act) Art 29-3 Enforcement Regulation Art 30-3 KMVSS Art 56-2 (2005)
• Requirement for high-voltage safety after a crash KMVSS Art 91 (4) (2022) (currently under review)
• Requirement for roof impression protection (convertibles excluded) KMVSS Art 92
• Requirement for defrosting and demisting KMVSS Art 51 KMVSS Art 109, table 30
• Requirements for equipment with a car-to-car Automatic Emergency Braking System (AEBS) KMVSS Art 15-3 Not relevant for passenger vehicles
• Requirement for the field of vision KMVSS Art 50 (1)
• Requirement for rear pedestrian protection device KMVSS Art 53-2 (2020)
• Requirement for the driver's field of vision KMVSS Art 94

Standar (Persyaratan) Teknis.

• Requirement for the installation of lighting and light signalling devices KMVSS Art 38 T. 6-3,-4,-5 KMVSS Art 38-2 T. 6-6, -7 KMVSS Art 38-3 T. 6-30 KMVSS Art 38-4 T. 6-8 KMVSS Art 38-5 T. 6-9 KMVSS Art 39 T. 6-10 KMVSS Art 39-2 T. 6-31 KMVSS Art 40 T. 6-11 KMVSS Art 40-3 T. 6-32 KMVSS Art 41 T. 6-13 KMVSS Art 42 T. 6-14 KMVSS Art 43 T. 6-15,-16 KMVSS Art 44 T. 6-17 KMVSS Art 44-2 T. 6-18 KMVSS Art 45 T. 6-19 KMVSS Art 47 KMVSS Art 48 KMVSS Art 49 T. 6-23,-26,-27
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: head lamp KMVSS Art 38 KMVSS Art 48, §3 KMVSS Art 106, Item 1
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: front fog lamp KMVSS Art 38-2, §1 KMVSS Art 106, Item 2
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: backup lamp KMVSS Art 39 KMVSS Art 106, Item 3
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: clearance lamp KMVSS Art 40 KMVSS Art 106, Item 4
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: registration plate lamp KMVSS Art 41 KMVSS Art 106, Item 5
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: tail lamp KMVSS Art 42 KMVSS Art 106, Item 6
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: stop lamp KMVSS Art 43, §1 KMVSS Art 106, Item 7
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: centre high mounted stop lamp KMVSS Art 43, §2, §3 KMVSS Art 106, Item 8
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: turn signal KMVSS Art 44 KMVSS Art 106, Item 9
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: auxiliary turn signal KMVSS Art 44 KMVSS Art 106, Item 10
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: rear fog lamp KMVSS Art 38-2, §2 KMVSS Art 106, Item 2
• Requirement for lighting and signalling system: retro-reflection devices KMVSS Art 49, §1, §2 KMVSS Art 107
• Requirement for sound level KMVSS Art 53 containing table 13 NVCA Reg Art 29 (Noise vibration control act)
• Requirement for audible warning devices (horn) KMVSS Art 53
• Requirement for rear view mirror KMVSS Art 108
• Requirement for the limitation of the operation of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting(DMB) and display systems MOLIT Not 2012-08-12
• Safety regulations for national geodata National Space Information Security Management Regulation (MOLIT Ordinance 949) (2016)
• Disaster alert Disaster and Safety Management Act Art 3 and 38 (2013) No Technical Hood latch system KMVSS Art 21

Standar (Persyaratan) Lingkungan.

• Requirement for exhaust gases Euro 6b and On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Euro 6-1
• Requirement for emission legislation and zero-emissions vehicles (ZEV) mandate AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Emission regulation diesel: Worldwide harmonised Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP), Real Driving Emissions (RDE) AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Requirement for test fuel AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Introduction emission legislation LEV III AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Requirement for diesel emission standard AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Requirement for fuel evaporation AEPA Enforcement Regulations (MOE Ord 793-2018)
• Requirements for Emission-relevant Components (ERC) AEPA Enforcement Regulation (MOE Ord 769-2019 Pres Ord 28583-2018)
• Requirement for the determination of weights and driving resistances MOE Notification 99-88 (MOE Notification 2009-110 / 2009-289 / 2012-122) MOE Notification 2013-38 MOLIT Ordinance 99 MOLIT 2012-124 MKE Notification No 2013-4
• Requirement for external noise measurement MOE Notification 2019-129
• Requirement for Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) KMVSS Art 53-3 containing table 6-33 (2020) No
• Adjustment of the weight-based, manufacturer-specific fleet consumption target value KAIDA Regulation 2014.12
• Requirement for fuel consumption MOLIT Notification 2017-809 MOTIE Notification 2017-175 MOE Notification 2017-216
• Emission and fuel consumption test MOE Notification 2015-6
• Requirement for electrical range at low temperature MOE Notification 2012-122
• Requirement for fleet consumption MOE Notification 89 / 2011 (MOE Notification 2017-225)
• Deterioration Factor (DF) / Regeneration Factor (RF) determination for WLTP vehicles MOE Notification 99-88 (MOE Notification 2018-45)
• Requirement for warranty period for emission values in In Use Test for diesel-powered taxis MOE Ordinance 608 (2013 / 2015)
• Control standard for indoor air quality MOLIT Not 2013-889
• Modification of exhaust pipe angle KMVSS Art 17, § 1, sub 2 KMVSS Art 19, § 1, sub 2 (2018) KMVSS Art 37 (2018)
• Requirement for OBD thresholds OBD Euro 6-2 (2018)
• Procedure for determination of road load resistance MOLIT / MOE / MOTIE Notification 14.11.20
• Requirement for combustion engine KMVSS Art 11 (1) (2014) KMVSS Art 111 (1) (2014)
• Requirement for electric motor KMVSS Art 11 (1) (2014) KMVSS Art 111 (2) (2014)
• Requirement for the recycling of end-of-life vehicles and material bans Pres Ordinance 27049 MOE Notification 2015-145
• Specification diesel test fuel, requirement test fuel certificates for diesel FE tests AEPA and Petroleum Business Act (2016)
• Requirement for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) KMVSS Art 111-2 (2016)

Lainnya.

• Type approval according to KMVSS Art equivalent table (table 4)* MOLIT Notification 2019-76
• No Mixed Safety regulation for ground clearance KMVSS Art 5
• Determination of Korean weights and driving resistance Weight definition Korea (2015) No5. Lembaga Berwenang.
• Requirement for connecting devices KMVSS Art 20 (2) (2018)
• Requirement for towing device KMVSS Art 20 (1)
• Requirement for speedometer / odometre KMVSS Art 54 (1) KMVSS 110 (2016)
• Requirements for the mounting of registration plates MOLIT Notification 2016-406 (MOLIT Notification 2019-89) Art 6-2
• Requirement for high voltage battery systems of electric vehicles KMVSS Art 18-2 KMVSS Art 18-3 (2016)
• Requirement for fire extinguishers for vehicles with more than 7 seats KMVSS Art 57 (2006)
• Approval of pharmaceutical products § 35 Pharmaceutical Affairs Act (2017)
• Requirement for Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) MVMA 2019 (Motor Vehicle Management Act) Art 22-23

Standar (Persyaratan) Suku Cadang.

• Requirement for spare parts for mandatory Korean certification, registration and permanent labelling MOLIT Notification 2017-668, table 6
• Brake linings KMVSS Art 112-10 (2018)
• Rims KMVSS Art 12 (4) KMVSS Art 112-11 containing table 30-7 (2018)
• Safety belts KMVSS Art 112-3 containing table 16 (2013)
• Warning triangle KMVSS Art 112-8 (2018) Lighting system KMVSS Art 112-4 (2013)
• Rear retro-reflectors KMVSS Art 112-5 (2013)
• Vehicle safety glazing KMVSS Art 112-7 (2018)
• Brake hoses KMVSS Art 112-2 Rear Underrun Protection Devices (RUPD) KMVSS Art 19, § 4 KMVSS Art 96
• Rear marking plates for heavy and long vehicles Harmonised with UN R70
• Rear marking plates for slow-moving vehicles Harmonised with UN R69
• Radio components Radio Law Act No 13588 Enforcement Ordinance of Radio Act Presidential Notification No 27971 (2013 / 2018)

4.3 Standar Komponen Kendaraan Listrik.

Beberapa standar terkait dengan kendaraan listrik:

• KMVSS Art.2 2009 - Definition: 52. “High voltage electric device”, 53. “Traction battery”, 54. “Traction motor”, 55. “Live parts”
• KMVSS Art.18-2 2009 - High voltage electric device: [Test Procedure for KMVSS] Table 1 - Part 47. Safety Test for High voltage electric device
• KMVSS Art.18-3                2009 - Traction Battery: [Test Procedure for KMVSS] Table 1 - Part 48. Safety Test for Traction battery
• KMVSS Art.91 2009 - Fuel System: Table 11-3. High voltage electric device crash test [Test Procedure for KMVSS] Table 1 - Part 47. Safety Test for High voltage electric device

5. Lembaga Berwenang.

Diterbitkan pada  28 Jul 2022