Ekspor Produk Pangan Olahan ke Korea Selatan

Pemerintah Korea Selaan menetapkan Sistem Managemen Kemanan Pangan Impor (Imported Food Safety Management System). Sistem Keamanan Pangan ini menjadi sangat penting untuk mencegah kemungkinan adanya zat berbahaya dalam makanan yang diimpor.

Berikut skema impor makanan/pangan di Korea Selatan.

Ekspotir Indonesia harus bekerja sama dengan importir di Korea untuk menjalankan pprosedur impormakanan ke Korea.

Persyaratan wajib yang harus dipenuhi untuk ekspor makanan olahan ke Korea Selatan

Dalam kebijakan impor, Korea Selatan menerapkan beberapa landasan hukum terkait dengan perijinan masuk untuk produk makanan olahan (diluar daging, ikan ,dan unggas), seperti :

Food Sanitation Act ditujukan untuk menjamin higienitas suatu produk secara menyeluruh, sehingga diharapakan bisa meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat melalui kemajuan kualitatif produk pangan.
Plant Quarantine Act ditujukan pada segala jenis tanaman, buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran untuk menghindari bahaya penyebaran hama dan penyakit yang dapat disebarkan melalui produk-produk tersebut.
Food Labeling Law merupakan regulasi dimana produsen perlu menyertakan informasi mengenai produk makanan pada kemasan, sehingga konsumen dapat memilih produk sesuai dengan informasi tersebut.

Setiap produk yang akan memasuki pasar Korea Selatan diwajibkan memenuhi syarat dan ketentuan bedasarkan kebijakan diatas, dan untuk memastikan keabsahannya ekspotir perlu menghubungi instasi terkait serta mengumpulkan dokumen-dokumen terkait dengan bahan baku produksi, proses pembuatan, tujuan pemasaran produk, dan contoh produk sebelum melalui tahap uji kelayakan produk.
Namun, jika berdasarkan proses manufaktur maupun proses pengemasannya kualitas daripada produk tersebut sudah memenuhi syarat tertentu, maka ada beberapa pengecualian untuk tidak melalui proses karantina, diantaranya :

Makanan olahan yang dawetkan dalam larutan gula, larutan garam, minyak, maupun senyawa kimia organic dengan kandungan antiseptic
Produk dengan bahan baku pilihan serta telah diproses secara higienis sehingga tidak memungkinkan bagi bakteri maupun hama untuk bertahan hidup
Proses higienitas produk tersebut meliputi :
Buah-buahan yang sudah dipotong, kemudian dikukus, ataupun direbus selama lebih dari lima menit hingga mencapai suhu 90 derajat sebelum dibekukan dalam suhu -17 derajat
Buah-buahan yang sudah dikeringkan maupun diproses dalam suhu tinggi, dan dibungkus dalam wadah kedap udara
Panganan yang sudah diproses menjadi bubuk dan dikemas dalam wadah kedap udara

Labeling
Label merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pemasaran produk. Eksportir harus menyertakan label produk maupun label kemasan.

Label Produk
Beberapa hal yang perlu disertakan dalam label produk adalah sebagai berikut:

Nama dan jenis produk
Negara asal pembuatan
Daftar bahan baku utama (termasuk masa jenis dan persentase)
Bahan aditif makanan
Informasi nilai gizi
Saran penyimpanan
Nama, alamat, dan no. telp importir
Nomor lisensi importir
Tanggal produksi
Tanggal kadaluarsa
Alamat untuk pengembalian barang jika ada kerusakan
Peringatan terkait gangguan kesehatan

Label Kemasan
Sejak diberlakukannya sistem eco-labeling di tahun 2009, jumlah produk dengan kemasan ramah lingkungan menjadi semakin meningkat di pasaran, Pasalnya produsen dapat memperoleh akreditasi jika menyertakan label eco-friendly pada produknya. Disamping itu, melalui kebijakan ini pemerintah juga telah berhasil mewujudkan prinsip pengolahan sampah 3R (recycle, reuse, dan reduce) di Korea Selatan. Karenanya bagi produsen lokal maupun luar diwajibkan untuk menyertakan label “Pemisahan Sampah” (Segregated Waste Collection) berdasarkan jenis kemasan yang digunakan.
Sebagai catatan, untuk menghindari masuknya jenis logam beracun, maka KFDA menetapkan larangan penggunaan bahan-bahan seperti timah, kadmium, merkuri, dan kromium, diatas 100ppm. Beberapa perusahaan produk makanan olahan di Korea Selatan, seperti Orion misalnya, sudah beralih menggunakan tinta berbasis minyak sayur pada kemasannya sebagai bentuk kepedulian terhadap lingkungan.

Secara umum, deskripsi isi di kemasan produk perlu memuat:

standar kalkulasi “sekali saji” (per serving)
informasi nutrisi “Trans Fatty Acids”
Trans Fatty Acids dapat ditulis “0 g” jika kurang dari 0,2 g per sajian.
Mengembangkan label untuk produk irradiated foods (makanan yang teradiasi).
Membesarkan penulisan tanggal berlaku (expiry date) dan mengatur dimana menuliskan tanggal tersebut.
Memasukkan label “best before” untuk produk makanan yang diatur oleh KFDA
Memasukkan label “hypersensitivity” untuk produk makanan yang diatur oleh KFDA (termasuk produk udang)
Menghitung prosentase kandungan organik dari total kandungan termasuk garam dan air.

Food for special uses (infant formula, growth formula, cereals, all other food products designated for the infant and child market) > Review once per year
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification

Article 30, Clause 1 of the Enforcement Decree of the Food Sanitation Act (prescribing matters including parties to conduct sanitation inspection)

Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification

When food and food additives are imported after manufactured by overseas contractor and labeled with the contractee's brand, the contractee must conduct sanitation inspection and product quality inspection in the contractor's facilities
Food for special uses (infant formula, growth formula, cereals, all other food products designated for the infant and child market) > Review once per year

Article 30, Clause 1 of the Enforcement Decree of the Food Sanitation Act (prescribing matters including parties to conduct sanitation inspection)

Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification

Article 30, Clause 1 of the Enforcement Decree of the Food Sanitation Act (prescribing matters including parties to conduct sanitation inspection)

Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification
When the product is manufactured by an excellent import business
Other food products Review more than once every two years
When it is demonstrated that the sanitation level is maintained in accordance with international standards of which the level is equal to, or higher than, the standards set by the KFDA Notification

Registration for Prior Inspection Completion System
To secure safety of food imports by preemptively identifying any food safety hazards in manufacturing and processing facilities either by; conducting onsite inspections or, requiring the exporting country government to administer inspections and report the results.

Legal Basis

Article 19 of the Food Sanitation Act and Article 15 of its Enforcement Rule
Article 8 of「The Health Function Food Act」and Article 11 of its Enforcement Rule

Outline

Qualification
Food, food additives, utensils, containers, and packages to be exported to Korea ( agricultural and forestry food products and other food products made though simple processing are excluded)
Health function food

Application procedures
Applying for registration for Prior Inspection Completion (required documents must be attached) > evaluation of documents > onsite inspection > final evaluation and determination > registration, notification

Required documents

Supporting documents with details of food products (product name, mixing ratio of ingredients, manufacturing process)
Original test reports or test certificates issued by certified public test agencies based in the Republic of Korea or foreign countries
Documents of addresses of manufacturing and processing facilities, building arrangement map (machinery, equipment layout included), factory floor plan, etc.

Inspection Items

whether or not the products should be included in the sales prohibition list with safety hazards
whether or not the product's criteria and standards are adequate
whether or not the facilities meet prescribed minimum standards
whether or not there are any false or misleading labels
whether or not the product satisfies HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) standards

Incentives
Expedited customs clearance without close inspection and random sampling inspection

Costs
Application charge of KRW 28,000
Travel expenses for onsite inspectors (air fares, daily expenditure, lodging and meals in accordance with the ROK Public Officials' Travel Expense Guideline)

Requirement for Health Functional Foods

Classification of Health Functional Foods

Without Pre-approval
Functional ingredients / products which risk assessment has been conducted by KFDA
When this type of product is imported, it goes to Lab test whether it conforms with stadards

Required for Preapproval
Functional ingredients / products which risk assessment has not been conducted by KFDA are required for pre-approval
☞ Please contect Health Functional Food Standard Division

Comparison between functional ingredients and product

Ingredients
Packed in bulk or in large volume of units for further processing / manufacture
Semi-products can be included which are mixed with minor ingredients such as fructose, starch, glucose or seasoning

Products
goods which consumer can have in retail and which have appearance of tablet, capsule, powder, liquid, granule, flake, paste, syrup, gel, jelly or bar
Every ingredients, Health claim(functionality), Daily dose/intake, caution(allergy, side effects etc.) are labelled on the package for consumer

Documents related to Genetically Modified Organisms

Scope of GMO labelling

Foods contained soybean, corn, cottonseed, rapeseed, sugar beet or it’s sprouts as main ingredients(up to the 5th largest ingredients in contents)

Scope of GM Labelling	Scope of GM Labelling	Exempt from GM Labelling
Agricultural products	LMOs which KFDA approves to import	IP Handling or Export Certificate has been submitted to prove ※ unintentional adulteration : not more than 3%
Processed Foods	Processed foods which contained GMO as ingredients	o Isolated agricultural produce from GM which attached with IP Handling or Export Certificate ※ unintentional adulteration : not more than 3% o Including GM ingredients, but § contents of GM ingredient is less than the 5th largest ingredients § analysis certificate ca prove that any GM ingredients do not exist in final good ※ soysauce, oil, sugar, alcoholic beverages, etc

Organic Certificate

Scope : imported foods labelled "organic"
A copy of organic certificate is required to submit which can be issued by organic certification bodies accredited by IFOAM or by exporting country

Transaction certificate or Ingredient list can be required to confirm
※ From 2011, any product labelled "organic" will be required to be certified according to ‘Food Industry Promotion Act’ (for details of organic certification, please contact National Agriculture

Products Quality Management Service)

Analysis Certificate / Organic Certificate

Laboratory Analysis Certificate

KFDA commissioner approves overseas laboratories after on-site inspection

Certificate of analysis issued by overseas laboratories can be substituted for inspection at the border
☞ For Information of Approved Overseas Laboratories
☞ ENGLISH (an enhanced button at the top of the page)
※ Please check an operating country and scope of analysis for each laboratory

Organic Certificate

Scope : imported foods labelled "organic"
A copy of organic certificate is required to submit which can be issued by organic certification bodies accredited by IFOAM or by exporting country

Details on Inspection of Imported Foods

Same Product

Factors determining the same product from the same company

Processed foods, food additives : importer·country of origin· manufacturer·product name·processing flow and every ingredients are identical
Agricultural products : importer·country of origin·manufacturer· category of produce·exporter and packer are identical
Utensils, containers & packages : importer·country of origin· manufacturer·food-contact material and color are identical

Type of Inspection

Document Review (2 days)
Once the product conforms with standard as a result of laboratory test, the next consignment of the same product goes to document review
Ingredients for processing
Flavour(food grade) and utensils·containers made with woods or stones
Sensory Test (3 days)
Once agricultural produce conforms with standard as a result of lab analysis, the next consignment of the same produce goes to sensory test
Any product which is required for checking characteristics(flavor, taste, color), storage, labelling and/or package
Laboratory Test (10 days, 14 days for canned or retort foods)
The first import of a product
The product with rejection record or risk information from various sources
In case that standards or specification has been changed<>/
Random Sampling Test (5 days)
- Products are chosen by KFDA system according to annual random sampling plan

Category of Foods

Agricultural Products : fresh, chilled, dehydrated, frozen or minimally processed products
Processed Foods
Food Additives
Utensils, Containers & Packages : in contact with foods or food additives
Health Functional Foods

Purpose of Import

For sale : registered importer can import foods for sale
For processing : registered food manufacturer can import foods for processing

Address of Manufacturer / Processor

It is required to state address of place where the product is actually manufactured or processed
It is not admitted to state address of headquarter or distribution office

Ingredients, Components, Materials

Foods : Name of every ingredients or components has to be stated.
- Quantity of food additives has to be stated when the food additives have limitation in use in Korea Food Additive Code.
- Utensils, Containers & Packages : Every food-contact materials has to be stated

Processing flow

Processing flow and solvent / enzyme used have to be stated

Scope required for Food Import Report

Foods or Health functional foods imported for commercial purposes

Food Sanitation Act				Health Functional Food Act
Agricultural Products	Processed Foods	Food Additives	Utensils, Containers & Packages	Health Functional Foods

Competent Authority

Imported Agricultural Products, Processed Foods, Food Additives, Utensils, Containers & Packages or Health Functional Foods
KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration)

Imported Livestock, Livestock products (including Dairy products)
→ NVRQS (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service)
Packaged meat, milk & dairy products(butter, cheese), hamburger patties, meat ball and other processed products which are stipulated by Livestock Sanitation Management Act

Imported Marine products
→ NFIS (National Fisheries Products Quality Inspection Service)
Please be reminded of this checklist before you report
Fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, dehydrated, eviscerated marine produce which can be recognized its characteristics

Diterbitkan pada 05 Jun 2021